Call for Papers
11th EADI General Conference
Bonn, 21-24 September 2005
Insecurity
and development:
Regional
issues and policies for an interdependent world
Introduction
Procedure for
submitting conference papers
Timetable
Conference website
Partners
Poster sessions
Aid Policy and Performance Working Group
EU development co-operation
Environment and Development Ad hoc Working Group
The
environment and security of the population in developing countries
Europe and Latin America Working Group
Latin
America: Development, insecurity and exclusion. How to sort out this dilemma?
Gender and Development Working Group
Shaping
security - Strengthening solidarity
Governance and Development Working Group
Multilevel
governance, development and security
Industrialisation Strategies Working Group
Industrialisation
as an engine of sustained development? The prospects and problems of stable
growth and capability building.
Information Management
Working Group
“Secure
in the knowledge?” Managing Information for development. Practical approaches
to delivering and accessing information onhuman security issues.
Law
and Development Working Group
“Legal
pluralism, access to justice and human security”
Regionalisms
and Development Working Group
New regionalisms - Old inequalities and insecurities
Science and Technology for Development Working Group
Experiences with the implementation of new technologies in development: Have
they really reduced poverty and insecurity in developing and developed
countries?
Europe and Latin America / Transformations in the World
System – Comparative Studies in Development Working Groups
From development to decline: The modernisation trap and the inability to
respond to new challenges
Transnational Corporations and Development Working Group
TNCs,
development and insecurity
Urban Governance Working Group
Urban livelihoods, inequality and conflict:
Governing cities in an insecure world
History did not end with the end of the Cold War. New
threats are looming, both within the nation states and beyond. Civil wars,
ethnic conflicts, international terrorism and transnational organised crime
have become more relevant threats to security than the risk of war between
countries. And the perception of security risks has widened in reaction to
major environmental disasters – Seveso, Chernobyl, Bhopal – or potential risks
arising from man-made climate change through the burning of fossil fuels and
large-scale deforestation. Finally, pandemic diseases like HIV/AIDS or SARS,
which may seem to be a major threat to human security only in poor countries
with inadequate health systems, can become a global threat through
international travel and tourism.
Globalisation is
seen by many as a threat to human security. New technologies have reduced the
costs of international transport and communication. In order to improve
economic efficiency and living standards, more and more countries have opened
their borders to international trade in goods and services, capital movements
and, to a lesser extent, migration. However, the more open countries become,
the more they are exposed to risks from outside. An economic crisis in one
region can become a threat to the world economy through speculative capital
movements on integrated global financial markets. The new technologies of
international communication and international financial markets can be used by terrorist and criminal networks to organise their
activities and keep their financial resources away from the control mechanisms
of nation states. The economic fallout of a major terrorist attack like
September 11, 2001, slows down the world economy and affects poor countries no
less than rich ones. The outbreak of an epidemic disease like SARS in a developing
country can have similar systemic repercussions. Thus, even though rich and
poor countries have different perceptions of what the most important security
threats are, in a globalising world today’s major threat to one side can become
a threat to all by tomorrow.
Economic globalisation in itself
produces insecurity in both developed and developing countries. More and more
people in both developed and developing countries see their jobs threatened by
international competition and foreign investors. Although economic theory
promises international convergence of prices and wages as a result of trade
liberalisation, many countries are poorer today than in 1990. Therefore,
economic globalisation requires not only rules and regulations for fair
competition and credible institutions to enforce these rules, but also some
international redistribution of the gains from international trade and foreign
investment to those countries which are not yet able to exploit their
comparative advantages and benefit from opening up to the world economy. This
is the rationale of development co-operation.
Poverty and the increasing gap
between and within rich and poor countries can be seen as the root cause of the
interrelated threats to human security. Poverty is highly correlated with
infectious diseases, environmental degradation and civil war, which make poor
people even poorer. This vicious circle can be broken only through co-ordinated
international efforts to alleviate poverty and strengthen the capacity of poor
countries to solve their problems and prevent the spreading of threats to
collective security from their territories. A narrow focus on combating the new threat of international
terrorism through military operations and security measures alone will not
solve the problems but make them even worse if it is not complemented by more
effective development co-operation.
New holistic concepts of security
include political, economic, social, cultural and ecological aspects. At the
same time, there is a widening of the concept of development, leaving behind
the narrow focus on economic growth of developing countries to include
political freedom and participation, poverty alleviation and the
provision of essential services to people in developing countries. How far do
the wider concepts of security and development converge? Or do they require
different sets of policies and measures? What are the implications for development
strategies and development co-operation if the goal is not only economic growth
and welfare, but also increasing human security for every human being in the
world?
These questions cannot be answered by a single
discipline alone. Interdisciplinary approaches are required to find new answers
and develop appropriate strategies. EADI, the European Association of
Development Research and Training Institutes in the various disciplines of
social sciences, focuses on such approaches. The 11th EADI General Conference
in Bonn, 21-24 September 2005, hosted by the German Development Institute
(GDI), will provide a forum in which to take stock of the state of the art
regarding the issues related to (in)security and development.
Conceptual analysis will be complemented by approaches
related to a particular discipline or geographical region. The conceptual
approach will include a systematic analysis of the link between (in)security
and development in its different forms. A multidisciplinary approach will allow
us to reflect on the conference theme from different angles, including
migration issues, social and environmental justice, natural resources and the
local perception of human security, among other things. Another focus will be
on regional perceptions of security issues and development perspectives.
Regional panels will provide an opportunity to compare European perceptions of
insecurity and development with perceptions in other world regions.
Finally, lessons will be drawn for designing policies
and implementing adequate strategies at local, national, regional and global
levels. What is the role of local
communities and municipalities in conflict prevention and development? What
are the responsibilities of governments and international institutions
concerning regional and global security? What role should the EU and other regional groupings play to enhance
global security and human development worldwide? As a European Association of Development Institutes, EADI
has a special interest in campaigning for a stronger role of the European Union
in development policy, for better co-ordination of bilateral development assistance
of EU member states and for coherence of all their policies vis-à-vis
developing countries in view of worldwide poverty reduction and the achievement
of the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. Only a common European development policy could tilt the balance towards
multilateralism against the opposite tendency of unilateralism in security and development policies.
Researchers on
development issues are invited to present papers for the 11th General Conference
of EADI. Papers should be related to the topics of the working group sessions
of the conference. The approach to the theme may be conceptual, or it may
relate to a particular field or discipline. Papers may refer to particular
developing and/or transition countries or to relations between different
countries and groupings or countries and regions (e.g. EU/ACP). Please consult
the conference website to see the topics and to download the abstract
submission form.
The following are prerequisites for papers to be considered:
Even if an abstract has been accepted at the first
stage, any paper, depending on its quality, may be refused for final
presentation in the Conference. Accepted papers will be presented by their
authors in the sessions of the EADI Working Groups. Therefore authors should
clearly indicate to which working group they refer, but the Scientific
Committee will make the final decision.
Deadlines:
Submission
of abstracts: 28 February 2005
Submission
of papers: 30 June 2005
We will be keeping you informed in the EADI Newsletter
and on the conference website at www.eadi.org/gc2005. The website will provide
you with regularly updated information on preparations for the conference, on
the topics, the various sessions, the speakers, the papers, the Scientific
Committee, registration and logistics.
The conference will be hosted by the German
Development Institute (GDI) and organised in partnership with SID Europe,
Capacity Building International (InWEnt), the Centre for Development Studies
(ZEF), Bonn, and the Centre for International Co-operation Bonn (CIC Bonn).
Address
EADI Secretariat
Kaiser-Friedrich-Strasse 11
53113 Bonn, Germany
Tel.: +49 228 2618101
Fax: +49 228 26 18 103
E-mail: gc2005@eadi.org
Session title: EU development co-operation
The Working Group meetings at the 11th EADI General
Conference in September 2005 in Bonn will focus on the topic of EU development
do-operation. The meetings thus will be a part of EADI’s project ‘European
Development Co-operation 2010’. The Working Group will try to invite and raise
the interest of young scholars in particular.
This specific call for papers fits into the Working Group's overall objective of analysing the policy and performance of European governments and the European Union with regard to their policies vis-à-vis developing countries, with particular reference to their development co-operation and North-South policies. The Group also aims to explore the various forms and instruments involved in such relationships, again with particular reference to development co-operation. Evaluation of development assistance - and various approaches in this regard - is also seen as part of the Working Group's task.
Authors are invited to present papers on, amongst
others:
-
The central themes of European development
co-operation: coherence, co-ordination and complementarity;
-
EU development co-operation and poverty
reduction;
-
Specific regional EU development co-operation
programmes;
-
European development co-operation with specific
countries;
-
EU negotiations with specific developing
countries or groups of developing countries;
-
The organisation of EU development co-operation;
-
The way EU Member States relate to European
development co-operation;
-
The way other (non development co-operation)
policies influence the EU's relations with developing countries.
We particularly invite researchers who can present
empirical case studies on the above-mentioned subjects or present
forward-looking analytical papers on Europe’s role in international
co-operation with developing countries.
Conveners:
Paul Hoebink
Centre for International Development Issues Nijmegen
Netherlands
E-mail:
p.hoebink@maw.ru.nl
Robrecht Renard
Institute of Development Policy and Management
Belgium
E-mail: Robrecht.Renard@ua.ac.be
Session
title: The environment and security of the population in developing countries
Poverty -
the most significant problem in developing countries and officially accepted as
such by the international institutions - is broadly considered as a privation
linked to insufficient income as well as to the lack of personal security.
Therefore, insecurity appears as one of the primary issues for poor populations
because of their vulnerability to unpredictable events. It is the poor people
who are most frequently exposed to all sorts of risks and conflicts (sometimes
associated with the environment). Furthermore, the poor are less capable of
effectively responding to such conflicts. The question is whether sustainable
development may contribute to human, environmental and economic security for
the populations in “the North” as well as in “the South”.
The proposed
session will focus on environmental issues in developing countries and their
impact on security particularly in “the South”. In the process of globalisation
new security priorities have emerged: environment security, soil, food and also
military security, etc. The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) focus on
eradicating extreme poverty and hunger in the world. Strategies that aim at
improving food security and sources of subsistence often depend on sane
ecosystems and the diversity of ecological goods and services they are able to
produce.
The active
prevention of environmental insecurity is considered to be an essential element
of a conflict prevention strategy. Conflicts may arise from environmental
perturbation. Researchers in the field of “traditional” security tend to
neglect the role of environmental degradation or depletion of resources with
respect to the appearance and the progression of conflicts. The Nobel Peace
Prize for 2004 has recently been awarded to the Kenyan ecologist Wangari
Maathai who stated that “the protection of environment and the promotion of
peace are closely connected.” Finally, in the case of property rights, security
is often a question of interpreting these rights in a given socio-political
climate. It is the perception of secure tenure and the implementation of
existing rules which is most important to human security. The official
acknowledgement of real property is not even necessary if the informal existing
rules are respected.
The session will deal with the following three topics
(and with security issues associated to them):
-
Trade policy, the rules of international trade
and environment in developing countries;
-
Biological diversity and property rights
(modalities of a “just and equitable apportionment of advantages” associated
with the exploitation of biological resources; the scopes and limits of
instruments to administrate biological diversity);
-
Policies that combat deforestation on the basis
of conservation and valorisation strategies of forestall resources.
The conveners of
this session would like to propose the creation of a European Working Group
“Environment and Development” which would have the North/South relation and
environment in the developing countries as major research fields. It could be
composed of members of the Sustainable Development Group (C3ED/GEMDEV) and
European researchers interested in this particular subject.
Conveners:
Lise Frendo,
Institut de Gestion de
l'environnement et d'Aménagement du territoire CEDD
Free
University of Brussels
Belgium
E-Mail: lfrendo@ulb.ac.be
Géraldine Froger,
C3ED UMR IRD-UVSQ n°063
University of Versailles Saint Quentin
E-mail: geraldine.froger@c3ed.uvsq.fr
Session title: Latin
America: Development, insecurity and exclusion. How to sort out this dilemma?
The new pattern of Latin American
development is characterised not only by macroeconomic stability and growth
integration, but also by its inability to contribute to social cohesion. To
poverty, unequal revenue distribution, ethnic discrimination, social
segmentation, residential segregation can be added violence in its different
forms, the increase of insecurity in the cities, drug trafficking and
corruption. The challenge of building more equal and integrated societies is
therefore still at stake.
The increase of social vulnerability for
broad sectors of the population has made the elite in power and the democratic
regimes lose their legitimacy for being unable to solve the everyday problems
of their citizens.
The peripheral position of most of the
Latin American countries at the level of the world economy has made them more
vulnerable to capital flows, liberalisation without a counterbalancing social
policy and the cyclical change of world trade.
In what ways will the different
initiatives of regional integration allow an increase of the Latin American
economic and political negotiating power and a contribution to decreasing
social and territorial inequalities? What kind of initiatives and
support that would increase social wellbeing and strengthen social structure
can we come up with?
Conveners:
Claude Auroi
Institut Universitaire d'Etudes du Développement
Switzerland
E-mail:
claude.auroi@iued.unige.ch
Isabel Yépez del Castillo
Institut d’études du
développement (GRIAL)
Université Catholique de
Louvain
Belgium
E-mail: yepez@dvlp.ucl.ac.be
The roots of
insecurity lie in processes linked to:
-
Global and national economic crisis
-
Political relations
-
Ecological change
-
Changes in social welfare / social security
These
processes at the individual and societal level are also gendered. Women and
girls face additional insecurity through malnutrition, illness, divorce,
dispossession and widowhood. Violence against women and girls is a response to
insecurity both within the household and the community. Increasingly, violence
is being used as a strategic instrument against women as a weapon of war and to
undermine family and cultural identities. The fragmentation of traditional
institutions of security (the family, the state and religious, community or
employment-related organisations) leads to a weakening of social ties and
relations either among or between genders. Women are sometimes driven to engage
in transactional sex to gain security for themselves and their families.
Despite difficult circumstances women are creating empowering opportunities
through new systems of co-operation and alliance building.
Papers
across a broad spectrum are welcome within this context:
-
Case studies at the local, regional or national
level on gendered experiences of:
- political, economic, ecological or social insecurity; women’s responses of
solidarity;
- violence, civil war, terrorism and women’s – (voluntary or involuntary)
participation in the continuation of this violence;
-
The emergence of new forms of security which
benefit women;
-
At the policy level: Are there new approaches or
paradigms emerging within development co-operation in regard to engendered
security? Are alternative paradigms developed by women’s organisations
(conceptually/practically) emerging?
The topic of
security and solidarity is particularly suited to interdisciplinary research
and so papers are welcome that discuss issues related to methodology and
cross-cultural knowledge production within the context of the links between
research and policy formulation.
Conveners:
Joy
Clancy, Technology and Development Group (Technology and Sustainable
Development Section)
University
of Twente
Netherlands
E-mail: j.s.clancy@tdg.utwente.nl
Irna van der
Molen, Technology and Development Group (Technology and Sustainable Development
Section)
University
Twente
Netherlands
E-mail: p.vandermolen@tdg.utwente.nl
Gudrun Lachenmann
FSP Entwicklungssoziologie/ Sozialanthropologie
University
of Bielefeld
E-mail: gudrun.lachenmann@uni-bielefeld.de
Germany
Christine
Mueller
University
of Bielefeld
Germany
E-mail: christine.mueller6@uni-bielefeld.de
Wendy
Harcourt
Society for
International Development(also representing SID Europe)
Italien
E-mail: wendyh@sidint.org
Charlotte Martin
Netherlands
cmartin@nusu.u-net.com
The
range of actors involved in development and security policy issues has
broadened to include governmental organisations above and below the state, as
well as non-state actors such as NGOs, think tanks, multinational companies and
so forth. Global, regional and local levels of decision-making have gained
importance alongside the national one, with networks and agencies other than
the sovereign state playing an increasingly significant role. The concept of
multilevel governance (MLG) represents one possibility to approach this new
reality.
The
MLG approach was initially developed to grasp the evolving decision-making
system in the EU, but the intention here is to explore its wider applicability.
MLG is based on the idea that there has been a shift from the domination of the
nation-state to the relative autonomy of actors at other levels, with the state
delegating or losing sovereignty to other levels or actors. Nevertheless, state
authorities can also assume new kinds of powers by co-ordinating the activities
of various institutions for the benefit of their own policy goals.
We
plan to hold panel sessions on multilevel governance and its implications for
understanding and analysing the interplay between current development and
security policies. We welcome paper proposals that look at either a specific
level of MLG, (for instance, regional organisations or decentralisation), or
that raise critical questions concerning the MLG model (such as issues of
participation, or capacity and influence of different actors). We look forward
to receiving paper proposals on a range of governance agencies and issues.
Conveners:
Liisa
Laakso
Masters'
Programme in Development and International Co-operationDepartment of Social
Sciences and Philosophy
University
of Jyväskylä
Finnland
E-mail:
liisa.laakso@yfi.jyu.fi
Tim
Shaw
Institute of Commonwealth
Studies
United Kingdom
E-mail: tim.shaw@sas.ac.uk
Gordon
Crawford
Centre
for Development Studies
United
Kingdom
E-mail:
g.crawford@leeds.ac.uk
Session title: Industrialisation as an engine of
sustained development? The prospects and problems of stable growth and
capability building.
In recent years this Working Group has covered a number of important issues
that are relevant to the theme of the conference. Research on global commodity
chains (production chains, value chains) has been well represented, as has work
on industrial districts/clusters and other strategies that enhance the
potential for locally rooted industrial growth. Technological capability,
credit issues, entrepreneurship and economic policy have been addressed as
well. The Group has attracted both academic researchers, policy-oriented
participants and agency staff. The Group has produced several books edited by
the conveners and other group members with major publishers.
The issues indicated above are equally salient today, as the global industrial
structure is regenerated and translocated to new, formerly underdeveloped,
areas. This process promises to increase local opportunities for sustainable
development everywhere, decreasing vulnerability and bringing economic benefits
to all. However, this process is also very problematic due, inter alia, to
financial constraints, low technological capability, a lack of workers' rights,
environmental issues, undemocratic procedures, ill-advised policies, etc. The
Working Group welcomes papers that discuss the potential and driving forces of
local and global industrial development as well as papers dealing with
bottlenecks and problems.
Conveners:
Meine
Pieter van Dijk
Erasmus
Universiteit Rotterdam
E-mail:
mpvandijk@few.eur.nl
Netherlands
Árni Sverrisson
Stockholm
University
Sweden
E-mail: arni.sverrisson@sociology.su.se
Session title:
"Secure in the knowledge?":
Managing information for development. Practical approaches to delivering and
accessing information on human security issues.
This will be the 30th meeting
of the EADI Information Management Working Group. The Group will run a
series of sessions for information professionals working on managing
development information, drawing on examples from those working in the human
security sector. Holistic concepts of security include political, economic,
social, cultural and ecological aspects. With development so reliant on
addressing vulnerability, access to information in the study, discussion and
analysis of security issues is essential for informed decision-making.
The meeting will be organised
into three parts: The research community's access to information; the
management of information collections and services; and a Working Group session
focusing on sharing practical experience within the Group. Within the meeting
the information retrieval sessions are likely to be of interest to researchers
as well as information managers. We are interested in the particular approaches
to handling human security information, in particular concerns regarding
freedom of access and ensuring topicality.
Papers are therefore invited from information professionals managing
information on human security, either as part of their library, internet
service or communications
programme. They should address aspects of information management in
providing research, analysis and policy information. The papers may illustrate
strategy in planning the service, analysis of impact and management approaches.
Conveners:
Chris
Addison
CommUniq.Org
Netherlands
E-mail: chris@communiq.org
Bridget
McBean
ECDPM
Apartment
Netherlands
E-mail:
Marie-Louise Fendin
Danielle
Bouhajeb
Institut
Francophone des Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information et de la Formation
France
E-Mail:
Danielle.Bouhajeb@francophonie.org
Marie
Louise Fendin
Nordic
Africa Institute, Sweden
The aim of this session is to
investigate the role that law can play in enhancing human security. Over the
past few years, strengthening the rule of law has become a central concern in
development co-operation. The resulting interventions, however, often seem to
have two common features: a) They are not explicitly directed towards
strengthening human security and b) they have a rather narrow and state-centred
view of the law. Yet it is clear that human security cannot be strengthened
without granting people access to a reliable justice system, with a reasonable
degree of legal certainty, which strives to eradicate impunity. In today’s
world, such a justice system hardly revolves or has to revolve entirely around
the nation-state. The main institutions towards which people in a variety of
development contexts turn if they feel threatened include traditional
authorities, churches and vigilante groups, as well as powerful transnational
corporations and supranational bodies. The aftermath of ethnic conflicts like
those in Rwanda, Sierra Leone and East Timor can serve as an example: here
people, in their search for justice, were able to turn to (revived) customary
courts, churches, NGOs with an emphasis on mediation, the state legal system
and (semi-) international institutions. Within this virtually kaleidoscopic
situation of legal pluralism the question arises as to which institutions to
strengthen and how to install a human rights culture within all institutions
involved. It is for this reason that this panel welcomes contributions on the
way in which both classic and alternative judicial institutions can and have
been strengthened and democratised in order to enhance human security in an
increasingly dangerous world. This session is a first meeting of the incipient
EADI Working Group on Law and Development, and will also serve to set out a
research agenda for the coming years.
Conveners:
Filip. Reyntjens
Institute of Development Policy and
Management
University of Antwerp
Belgium
E-mail: Filip.Reyntjens@ua.ac.be
Barbara Oomen
Amsterdam Institute for
Metropolitan and International Development Studies
Netherlands
E-mail: B.M.Oomen@uva.nl
Session title: New regionalisms – Old inequalities and
insecurities
Despite predictions of a 'peace dividend', the post-Cold War era has
been characterised by growing conflict. In the new century, before as well as
after 9/11, 'peacekeeping' and 'humanitarian' interventions have multiplied. While
most conflicts are ignited internally, they typically spread into regional
struggles. This proliferation of regional war zones challenges established
analyses and policies of state and non-state actors in both the South and
North. Innovative multilateral responses are especially necessary in a
continuing unilateral period. This session will therefore explore new
approaches to understanding inequalities and insecurities in regional war zones
in Africa, Asia and Latin America, as well as novel approaches to local,
national, regional and global security. The Working Group welcomes papers
addressing these issues.
Conveners:
Tim Shaw
Institute of Commonwealth
Studies
Great Britain
E-mail: tim.shaw@sas.ac.uk
Morten Boas
Institute for Applied
International Studies
Norway
E-mail: Morten.Boas@fafo.no
Session title: Experiences with the
implementation of new technologies in development: Have they really reduced
poverty and insecurity in developing and developed countries?
The latter half of the 20th century and indeed the
new millennium have been marked by the emergence and diffusion of new
technologies. Although it is not true right across the board, embracing these
technologies has led to many success stories for countries and firms, with even
individuals within nation states displaying spectacular growth performance. The
new technologies, when used judiciously, can affect the daily life of the
common man on the street. However a large number of countries and regions
within nations are not at all able to take advantage of the positive benefits
from investments in these new technologies to improve their security and
wellbeing. Although there is some confusion about the term "new
technology", there is now increasing consensus that it refers not only to
a set of generic or platform technologies whose combined impacts will have
profound implications for long-term economic transformation such as information
and communications technologies (ICTs), biotechnology, nanotechnology and new
material. The concept is also used to include applications of existing
technologies in new areas or markets. It is in this broader sense that we apply
the term. Many developing countries and more importantly regions within a
specific developing country are unable to participate in this so-called new
technology-based development process for a variety of reasons, both historical
and contemporary. This has given rise to a very pronounced feeling of being
left out and, hence, has contributed to the exacerbation of insecurity among
the poorer sections of society in particular. Much of the discussion about new
technologies and social equality has focused on the oversimplified notion of a
"digital divide” in developing countries. There is of course a feeling of
insecurity among large sections of the labour market in developed countries as
well. Growth of new forms of work organisation often enough lead to outsourcing of more labour-intensive
operations (in both manufacturing and distribution) to developing countries and
the resulting effect of this process on the growth of unemployment. Hence,
inequalities in developed countries is yet another important dimension
introduced by the growth of new technologies. Reflecting these concerns, the
Working Group welcomes papers, conceptual, empirical and policy-related, and
also contributions which discuss gender issues on the following sub-themes
(which are intended to be illustrative in nature):
·
The
contribution of new technologies to the growth of inequalities and a feeling of
insecurity: hype versus reality in the digital divide;
·
New
technology as a solution for poverty reduction and empowerment: the growth of
e-governance in developing countries;
·
GM foods and
so-called biopharmaceuticals: implications for developing countries, especially
for food security and reduction of morbidity;
·
International
governance rules and their effect (potential and actual) on the growth of
poverty and inequality;
· The
diffusion of environmentally sound technologies - especially the institutional
framework for its effective diffusion;
· The
growth of new forms of organisation for the generation of new technologies: on
contract research organisations and outsourcing in new technologies and the
effect on the labour market in developed countries.
Conveners:
Ms Henny
Romijn
Eindhoven
University of Technology
Faculty of
Technology Management
Netherlands
E-Mail: h.a.romijn@tm.tue.nl
Mr Sunil
Mani
Centre for
Development Studies
Indien
E-Mail: Mani@cds.ac.in
Session title: From development to decline: The
modernisation trap and the inability to respond to new challenges
The Working Groups Europe and Latin America and
Transformations in the World System – Comparative Studies in Development
announce the joint intention to organise a working group session “From
Development to Decline: Modernisation Trap and Inability to Respond to New
Challenges” under the general theme of the 11th General Conference of EADI.
The end of the 20th century brought the decline
of catching up development. The roots of this situation can be found in the
practice of catching up development itself in the course of the 20th century.
Hence, it is worth considering all essential factors of achievements and
failures of some nations in the process of catching up development, in
particular, turning from development to anti-development or, at least, to
long-term stagnation that can be seen in some CIS and Latin American countries.
The Working Groups Europe and Latin America and Transformations in the World
System – Comparative Studies in Development invite all interested scholars and
practical activists of the development process to submit papers dealing with
“post-industrial” obstacles to development in general as well as regional
aspects.
Conveners
Isabel Yépez del Castillo
Institut d’études du
développement (GRIAL)
Université Catholique de
Louvain
Belgium
e-mail: yepez@dvlp.ucl.ac.be
Imre Levai
Institute for Political Science,
Budapest, Hungary
E-mail: levai@mtapti.hu
Victor Krasilshchikov
Institute of World Economy and
International Relations
Moscow, Russia
E-mail: f1victor@mtu-net.ru
Transnational corporations (TNCs) play an increasingly pivotal role in development. Today foreign direct investment by TNCs is the major source of development finance. But more importantly TNCs bring with them a package of tangible and intangible assets, such as technologies, know-how and the opportunity to be integrated into global value chains and market access.
Acknowledging the growing role of TNCs in
development, EADI has decided to revitalise the working group on this issue. At
the 2005 EADI General Conference in Bonn the Transnational Corporations and
Development Working Group will host a session on the topic "TNCs,
development and insecurity".
The point of departure for directing focus to
this theme is that TNCs may play a central role in creating stability and
security in developing countries and transition countries by increasing
economic growth and by contributing to social development. But TNCs may also
bring developing countries on a dependant path where local firms remain focused
on low value-added activities and where host countries become increasingly
vulnerable to the global strategies of TNCs.
Against this background, the Working Group
challenges researchers to propose contributions around the theme of "TNCs,
development and insecurity". In particular contributions on the following
themes will be welcomed:
Development implications of the constitution of
global value chains:
-
Risks of dependence and hollowing out of local
industry
-
Opportunities of upgrading through integration
into global value chains
Political strategies for mobilising TNCs for
development purposes:
-
Facilitating linkage effects and the creation of
local clusters
-
Programmes to ensure the upgrading of local
activities in the value chains of TNCs
-
Home country partnership programmes to increase
positive impacts of TNCs
The relationship between home country practices
and host country impacts:
-
National business systems (varieties of
capitalism) and their implications for developing countries
-
Development consequences of different corporate
governance practices
-
The diffusion of industrial relations from home
to host countries
The implication of the knowledge-and
innovation-driven economy for developing countries:
-
The widening of the gap between developed and
developing countries in terms of innovation capacity and R&D
-
The role of TNCs in building national innovation
systems.
Conveners:
Claire Mainguy
GEMDEV
France
E-mail : Claire.Mainguy@urs.u-strasbg.fr
Soeren Jeppesen
Copenhagen Business School, Department of
Intercultural Communication and Management
Denmark
E-mail : sj.ikl@cbs.dk
Urban livelihoods, inequality and conflict: Governing cities in an
insecure world
Issues and scope:
The scope of this session is to explore urban
governance and insecurity implications of increasing polarization in urban
livelihoods. A particular aim is to analyse conceptual, theoretical, and policy
related challenges multi-stakeholder approaches and arrangements for dealing
with issues of livelihood insecurity, inequality and resource conflict.
The session invites presentations that deal with one or more of the following
sub-topics:
·
Insecure economic assets:
Differential and insecure access to income and economic assets that increase
inequality across social groups and geographic location. Issues of livelihoods,
inequality and poverty – status, trends, and risks of conflict - and challenges
for conflict management and governance (e.g. through joint private, public, and
civic action or partnerships).
·
Insecure habitat and tenure:
Inadequate housing, insecure tenure, and lack of habitat infrastructure and
services related to, for example low quality and overcrowded housing, limited
public services, poor quality water, sanitation, refuse collection, and weak
communication systems – which increase health burdens, undermine working
conditions, erode living conditions and create high-density neighbourhoods with
high risks related to social conflicts, crime, violence and personal
insecurity. Policy and governance implications.
·
Insecure urban environment:
Inadequate access to a good quality environment which undermine health and
social standards and increases the risks of environmental hazards and resource
conflicts. Governing urban environments in unequal societies.
·
Insecure social capital and networks: Weak
or limited social and/or family networks and safety nets to acquire assets and
ownership and ensure basic consumption needs in the face of income deficiency
or habitat deterioration. Local institutional or civil society engagement in
support of community action to improve work- or habitat-related conditions. The
role of local business in neighbourhood renewal. Processes of social inclusion
and exclusion in relation to access to social networks, social security,
education, training, credit, jobs, secure tenure and housing.
Conveners:
I. S. A. Baud, International Development Studies,
University of Amsterdam, Netherlands E-mail: I.S.A.Baud@uva.nl
Trond Vedeld, NIBR, Norway
E-mail:trond.vedeld@nibr.no